( Reaffirmed 2003 ) I-----IS : 3478 - 1966 Indian Standard SPECIFICATION FOR HIGH DENSITY WOOD PARTICLE BOARDS Wood Products Sectional Committee, Chairman DR D. NARAYANA~XURTI Members ASSISTANT DIREOTOR ( SPECIFICATION ), RESEARCH, DESIQNS AND STANDARDS ORQANIZATION SHRI P. BARUA `DIRECTOR, SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH SERI L. N. DOKANIA SRRI G. L. KEDIA (Alternate) DR JOSEPH GEORQE Railway Board ( Ministry of Railways ) Indian Plywood Bangalore BDC 20 Research Association, Representing Industries Forest Department, Government of Assam Naval Headquarters The Plywood Manufacturers' Association Calcutta of India, Central Building Research Institute (CSIR ), Roorkee . . SHRI SHIVA MOHAN SINQH ( Alternate ) Indian Tea Association, Calcutta SHRI M. J. GRIFFITHS SHRI A. J. CAMERON (Alternate ) The Western India Ply.woods Ltd, Baliaparam SHRI A. K. KADERKUTTY Forest Department, Government of Mysore SRRI N. S. KAIKINI SHRI K. K. NAIDU ( Alternate ) Forest Research Institute & Colleges, Dehra Dun SBRI 1~. C. KAUSHIK Jay Shree ?ea & Industries Ltd, Calcutta SHRI G. L. KEDIA SHRI K. K. KELA ( Alfernatc) South India Plywood Manufacturers' Association, SHRI K.S. LAULY Calicut SHRI V. J. NEDUN~ADI ( Alternate ) Directorate General of Technical Development SHRI J. S. MATHARU Defence Production (DGI ), Ministry of Defence DR A. N. NAYER SERI R. N1 VAIDYA (Alternate) Forest Research Institute & Colleges, Dehra Dun PRESIDENT National Buildings Organization ( Ministry of Works SHRI RABINDER SIN~H and Housing i SHRI R. K. BHARTARI (Alternate ) Directorate General of Civil Aviation (Ministry of SHRI S. RAMAMRITHAM Transport ) Forest Department, Government of Madhya Pradesh Sam N. K. SHARMA Engineer-in-Chief's Branch, Army Headquarters I.T-COL G. B. SINQII SRRI VASANTAA RAO ( Alternate ) Assam Railways and Trading Co Ltd, Margherita SERI A. V. SUUBA RAO SHRI P. K.`CHOUTEOY ( Alternate ) . ( Continued on page 2 ) INDIAN MANAK STANDARDS BHAVAN, 9 BAHAUUR NEW DELHI INSTITUTION SHAH ZAFAR MARC IS : 3478- 1966 ( Continued from page 1 ) Members Rejresenting SUPEBINTENDINO SURVEYOR OB Central Public Works Department WORKS Paharpur Timbers Pvt Ltd, Calcutta SHRI M. SWASUP, Plywood Products, Sitapur SHBI H. THOMSON SHRI G. W. M. WHITTLE ( Alternate ) Director General, IS1 ( Ex-ofiio Member) DR H. C. VISVESVARAYA, Director ( Civ Engg ) Secretaries SHRI D. AJITHA SIMHA Deputy Director Deputy Director ( Civ Engg ), IS1 ( Civ Engg ), IS1 SHBI S. P. RAMAN Fibre Building Convener DR D. NARAYANA~~URTI Members Boards Subcommittee, BDC 20 : 6 Research Association, Indian Plywood Bangalore Industries ASSISTANT DIRECTOR ( SPECIFI- Railway Board ( Ministry of Railways ) CATION), RESEARCH, DESIGNS AND STANDARDS ORQANIZATION ASSISTANT DIRECTOR, STANDARDS ( CARRIAOE ) ( Alternate ) SERI N. C. JAIN Forest Research Institute & Colleges, Dehra Dun Anil Hardboards Ltd, Bombay SH~I G. R. JOLLY Central Building Research DR JOSEPH GEORQE Institute ( CSIR), Roorkee SHRI SHIVA MORAN SIN~H ( Alternate) Indian Plywood Manufacturing Co Ltd, Bombay SHRI K. S. LAULY SHRI B. V. MALANI Assam Hardboards Ltd, Calcutta SHRI L. R. PERIIVAL (Alternate ) SHRIJ. S. MATHARU Directorate General of Technical Development DR A. N. NAYER Defence Production ( DGI ), Ministry of Defence SERIA. K. RAMACHANDRAN The Western India Plywoods Ltd, Baliapatam SHRI H. TEOMSON Plywood Products, Sitapur 2 IS:3478- 1966 Indian Standard BOARDS SPECIFICATION FOR HIGH DENSITY WOOD PARTICLE 0. FOREWORD 0.1This Indian Standard was adopted by the Indian Standards Institution on 15 March 1966, after the draft finalized by the Wood Products Sectional Committee had been approved by the Civil Engineering Division Council. 0.2 The particle board industry in this country is developing fast, and along with the other types of low density and medium density particle boards, high density particle boards are also increasingly in demand, and their production is on the increase. High density particle boards are used for specialized tools ( such as for press tools, for jigs and other fixtures, rubber press dies, forming and drawing tools, and piercing and blanking tools ) in the aircraft, automobile and general engineering industries. This standard is intended to guide the developing industry in the production of high density particle boards. 0.3 There are three kinds of particle boards based on density classification : medium density particle boards having a specific gravity of 0.5 to 0.9, covered in IS : 3087-1965*, low-density particle boards having specific gravity of O-4, covered in IS : 3129-1965t; and high-density particle boards, covered in this standard having specific gravity over 0.9. 0.4 The physical requirements for high density wood particle boards specified in Table 1 of this standard does not include the requirements in regard to swelling. These requirements for the various types and grades of particle boards are under investigation by the Committee responsible for the preparation of this standard and will be included when the results of the investigation become available. 0.5 For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance with IS : 2-1960$. The number of significant places retained in the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard. *Specification for wood particle boards ( medium tSpecification for particle boards for insulation values $Ruler for rounding off numerical ( revised). density) for general purposes. purposes. 3 IS t 3478 - 1966 1, SCOPE 1.1 This standard covers the requirements boards in flat sheet or moulded forms. 2. TERMINOLOGY 2.1 For the purpose of this standard, and IS : 3087-1965t shall apply. 3. TYPES AND GRADES definitions given in IS : 707-1958* of high density wood particle. 3.1 High density wood particle boards phall be of two types depending on the type of synthetic resin used for manufacture, and each type shall be of two grades depending on the extent of resin content as shown below: Tyfle of Resin Grade Grade A Grade B Grade A Grade B Type 1 Type 2 BWR WWR or CWR 3.2 Each type and grade may be supplied in flat sheet form or in moulded form as required by the purchaser. 4, MATERIALS 4.1 Any suitable species of timber mhy be used. 4.2 Adhesive - The adhesive used for bonding board shall be as specified in 3.1 for various types. high density particle NOTE 1 - In Grade A particle board the resin binder which is of the order of 20 to 50 percent in addition to serving for binding of particles also acts as impregnants into the particles to modify its properties and thus increase its resistance to water, moisture, weather and facilitates high compression. NOTE 2 - In Grade B the resin binder which is of the order of 8 to 12 percent, joins the chips without any appreciable impregnation of the same. 4.2.1 The purchaser may specify any-particular resin in the type and any particular resin content range depending on his special requirement. 4.3 Sizing Material - Any suitable sizing material, for example, paraffin wax dissolved in mineral spirit or emulsified with water or melted, shall be used as sizing material up to a maximum of one percent. __*Glossary of term? applicable to timber, plywood and joinery. tspecification for wood particle boards ( medium density) for general purposes. 4 IS : 3478 - 1966 5. MANUFACTURE 5.1 High density wood particle boards shall be manufactured by converting the specified timbers into suitable wood particles; seasoning the same to a moisture content not exceeding 8 percent ( generally 3 to 5 percent ); blending thoroughly with the requisite quantity of the specified adhesive and sizing material and then felting into the required thickness and form and pressing in a hot press under high pressure usually of the order of 1 kg/mm* to 2 kg/mm2 under controlled conditions. of heat, pressure and pressing time. 5.2 In moulded particle boards the resin mixed chips shall be pressed in suitable moulds to the required shape under controlled conditions of heat, pressure and pressing time. ` 6. DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES 6.1 The preferred sizes of high density wood particle boards in flat panels shall be as below: Length : 180, 150, 120, 100,90, Width : 150, 120, 100,90 60 and 45 cm and 45 cm 6.2 Thickness -The preferred thicknesses of high density wood particlc boards shall be as follows (see Note ): 50, 45, 40, 35, 30, 25, 22, 20, 16, 12, 9, 6 and 4 mm NOTE - Th'ickness of 19 mm and 13 mm are being currently manufactured expected that the industry will changeover to the preferred thickness two years. and it is in about 6.3 Tolerances 6.3.1 In flat panels tolerances in length and width shall be -+6 mm. Tolerance in thickness shall be 52.5 percent for boards above 25 mm thick and f5 percent for boards up to 25 mm in thickness. 6.3.1.1 The lengths of the 2 diagonals of a wood particle board rectangular panel shall not differ by more than 2-5 mm per metre length of the diagonal. 6.3.1.2 3 mm. The edges of the board shall be straight with a tolerance of 6.3.2 Moulded Panels - The dimensions, thickness and tolerances, of moulded high density particle board shall be in accordance with the drawing provided by the purchaser. 5 IS : 3478 - 1966 7. PHYSICAL REQUIREMENTS 7.1 General-High density wood particle board shall be of uniform thickness and density throughout the length and width of the board in case of flat panels. Sanding when given shall be uniform on both the surfaces. 7.2 The physical requirements for high density wood particle boards both in flat panel and moulded form shall be as specified in Table 1. 8. SAMPLING 8.1 Scale of Sampling-The number of particle boards to be selected from a lot shall be in accordance with Table 2 ( see P 8 ). 8.1.1 The particle boards shall be selected at random. In order ensure randomness of selection, all the particle boards in the lot may arranged in a serial order and every rth particle board may be selected the required number is obtained, r being the integral part of .hf/n where is the lot size and R is the sample size. to be till JV 8.2 Test Specimens and Number of Tests - The length, width, thickness and the diagonals of panels of the particle boards selected as in 8.1 shall be measured before cutting the particle boards for taking test specimens. The straightness of edge shall also be measured. The shape, dimensions and tolerances of moulds panels shall be checked with the drawings. 8.2.1 From each of the high density wood particle boards selected, test specimens ,shaIl be cut to obtain test pieces as below. The method of preparation and conditioning of test specimens shall be as specified in 3 of IS: 2380-1963*. 8.2.2 Dcn.$y-One test specimen from each sample, in full thickness of material, and 7.5 cm wide and 15 cm long shall be tested for density. 8.2.3 Moisture Conk& -One test specimen from each sample in full thickness of material and 7.5 cm wide and 15 cm long shall be tested for moisture content. 8.2.4 Water Absorption - One test specimen from each sample of size 30 cm x 30 cm, and full thickness of board from each sample shall be tested for water absorption. 8.2.5 Modulus of Rqture - One test specimen from each sample to conform to dimensions as specified in 7.1 of IS : 2380-1963* shall be tested for modulus of rupture. *Methods materials. of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic S TABLE 1 PHYSICAL REQUIREM ENTS FOR HIGH-DENSITY WOOD PARTICLE BOARDS ( Clauses 7.2 and 9.2 ) TYPE GLADE DENSITY MOISTTJI~E CONTENT MINIYUY MODUL-~Z ROFRE (1) (2) (3) g/cm' Type 1 Grade A 1 Grade B Grade A Type 2 Grade B 1:2 0.9 Min 1.2 0.9 Min (41 percent 3 to 7 5 to 16 5to10 5 to 16 MINIMUM TENSILE STEEN~TZ WATER ABSOEP~ION A.PTEB 24h MAXXMUA~ IxMEBSIoN (7) percent 10 25 15 25 Clause 14 of IS : 23801963* Not specified Shari not show any sign of delamination RESISTANCE TO BoILINo WATma AFT.EB 3 h IhlMEasION (8) (5) kg/cm* 450 400 300 250 (6) kg/cm* 350 300 225 200 q TEST ACCOBDINQTO Clause 6 of IS : 23801963* Clause 5 of IS : 23801963. Clause 7 of IS : 23801963; Clause 9 of IS : 2380. 1963* 9.3 MAXIM PEBYISEIBLE VARIATION INDIVIDUAL &CIP&N yaOI4 THE MEAN Ma.v f 10 percent Max f2 percent - - - - *Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards fromother lignocellulosic materials. IS : 3478 - 1966 TABLE 2 LOT NUMBER SIZE N OF PARTICLE BOARDS TO BE SELECTED NUMBEROFPARTICLE BOARDS TO BE SELECTED R up to 50 2 3 4 5 7 10 51 )) 100 101 ,> 200 201 9, 300 301 >> 500 501 and above 8.2.6 Tensile Strength - One test specimen for each direction from sample to conform to dimensions as specified in 9.1 of IS : 2380-1963* be tested for tensile strength. each shall 8.2.7 Boiling Water Resistance - One test specimen size 30 cm x 30 cm and full thickness of the board from each sample shall be tested for resistance to boiling water. 8.3 In altered 8.4 case of moulded boards, as be deemed necessary. for Cbnformity the sizes and shape of sample may *be Criteria 8.4.1 The lot shall be considered as conforming to the requirements of this specification if the samples and test specimens pass the conditions prescribed in 9. 8.4.2 If any sample fails to conform to the requirements, further samples shall be considered to pass if these samples conform to the requirements prescribed: 9. TESTING 9.1 Accuracy of Dimensions of Boards - In flat boards, the accuracy All of dimensions shall be measured as specified in 4 of IS : 2380- 1963*. the sample boards selected in accordance with 8.1 shall be measured for straightness of edges, squareness of boards, lengths, widths and thicknesses. The mean dimension, that is, length, width and thickness: shall be as The boards shall be ordered or within the tolerances specified under 6.3. rectangular so that the two diagonals of the board shall not differ from each other by more than tolerances specified under 6.3. The edges shall be straight within the limit specified under 6.3. *Methods materials. of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic 8 IS:3478-1966 9.1 .l Moulded boards shall be checked for dimensions with the drawings, including tolerances, provided by the purchaser. 9.2 The specimens shall be tested in accordance with the methods of tests given in Table 1 and shall conform to the requirements given in Table 1. 9.3 Boiling Water Resistance Test - The specimen as prepared under 8.2.7 shall be immersed in boiling water for three hours. It shall-show no sign of delamination. 10. MARKING 10.1 Each particle board shall be legibly marked on any of its edges with the following: a) Name of the manufacturer or trade-mark, if any b) Type and grade of particle board. 10.1.1 Each particle board may also be marked with the IS1 Certification Mark. NQTE - The wz of the IS1 Certificatton Mark is governed by the provisions of the Indian Standards Institution ( Certification hIarks ) Act, and the Rules and Rcgttlations made thereunder. Prcscnce of this mark on products covered by an Indian Standard conveys thr assurance that they havr been produced to comply with the requlremrnts of that standard, under a w&defined system of inspection, testing and quality control during production. This system, which is d&scd and supervised by ISI and operated by thr producer, has the further safeguard tiat the products as actually Details of marketed are continuously checked by IS1 for conformity to the standard. conditions, under which a licencc for the use of the IS1 Certification Mark may be granted to mantlfacturers or processors, may be obtained from the Indian Standards Institution. INDIAN STANDARDS INSTITUTION The Indian Standards. Institution (ISI), which started functioning in 1947, is the national standards organization for India. Its principal object is to prepare standards on national and international basis and promote their general adoption. control of ISI, which is run and financed~ jointly as making body by the Central Government and private enterprise, is exercised by a General Council, composed of representatives of Central and State Governments: leading trade, scientific and technological organizations; subscribing and members. The Minister of Industry is the ex-officio President of ISI. The overall a non-profit The present technical activity of ISI is carried out through Its Division Councils for Agricultural and Food Products; Chemical: Civil Engineering: Consumer Products: Electrotechnical; Mechanical Engineering: Structural and Metals; and Textile. All technical work relating to the formulation and revision of standards is done by committees appointed by and under the direction of their respective Division Councils. These committees consist of experts drawn from manufacturing units, technical institutions, purchase organizations and other concerned bodies. To make available benefits of Indian Standards to the common man, ISI has introduced its Certification Marks Scheme under the Indian Standards Institution ( Certification Marks ) Act, 1952, as amended by the Amendment Act, 1961. According to this Act, quality goods conforming to Indian Standards can carry the ISI This Mark is a third-party guarantee of Certification Mark. Licences to use the ISI Certification quality of marked goods. Mark are granted to manufacturers using reliable methods of quality control and providing facilities for inspection by ISI staff. In the international field, ISI represen,ts India on the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Electrotechnlcal Commission (IEC). IS0 and IEC respectively link 51 and 38 countries, and function through I I3 and 56 technical committees: ISI participates in 78 technical committees of IS0 and all the technical committees of IEC. The committees and subcommittees of IEC and IS0 for which ISI holds the secretariat deal with: Electric Fans, Lac, Mica, Pictorial Markings for Handling of Goods, Liquid Flow Measurements in Open Channels, Procedures for Inter-conversion of Values, Spices and Condiments, and Stimulants. AMENDMENT NO. 1 JUNE 1992 TO IS 3478 : 1966 SPECIFICATION FOR HIGH DENSITY WOOD PARTICLE BOARDS ( Page 3, clause 0.3 ) -Substitute `IS 3087 : 1985'for `IS: 3087 - 1965' and `IS 3129 : 1985'for `IS : 3129 - 1965'. ( Page 3, foot-notes marked with `*' and `t' marks ) following for the existing foot-notes: Substitute the `*Specification for wood particle boards (medium density) for general purposes ( fast revision ). +Specification for low density particle boards (fast revision ).' (Page 4, clause 2.1 ) - Substitute `IS 707 : 1976'for `IS : 707 - 1958' and `IS 3087 : 1985'for `IS : 3087 - 1965'. (Page 4, clause 3.1, last line ) - Substitute `MR' for `WWR or CWR'. ( Page 4, foot-notes ) Substitute the following for the existing foot-notes: and utilization cfirsf `*Glossary of terms applicable to timber technology revision) tSpecific&ion for wood particle boards ( medium density ) for general purposes (f"ustrevision).' (Page 6, clause 8.2.1 andPage 8, clauses 8.2.6 and 9.1) - Substitute `IS 2380 : 1977'for `IS : 2380 - 1963'. ( Pages 6 and 8, foot-note ) foot-note: Substitute the following for the existing `*Methods of test for wood partile boards and boards from other Iignocellulosic materials (first revision ).' (CEDZO) Reprography WI, BIS, New Delhi, India N(). 2 JANUARY 2005 w IS 3478:1966 SPEC1F1CATION FOR HIGH DENSITY \VOOL) PARTICLE BOARDS ( CoL'erpuge, pflges 1 find 3 ) -- Substitute the following for lhe existing [itle: AMliNDiMENT `SPECIFICATION FOR PARTICLE BOARDS OF WOOD .*SD OTHER LIGM)CELLULOSIC 51ATERIALS (HIGH DENSITY) FOR GENERAL PURPOSES' ( Page 4, clause 1.1 ) -- SUIMIIIUIC `particle boards of wood and other Iignoccliulosic ma[erials'jh `wood parriclc boards'. ( CED 20 ) Reprogmphy UniL BIS, New Delhi, India 3 SEPTEMBER 2005 TO IS 3478:1966 SPECIFICATION FOR HIGH DENSITY WOOD PARTICLE BOARDS ( Page 5. clause 6 ) -- Substitute the following for the existing `6 DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES 6.1 The dimensions of high density particle boards shall be as follows: Length in mm : 2400,2100, and 45o 1800, 1500, 1200, 1000.900,600 AMENDMENT NO. Width in mm : 1500, 1200, 1000,900,600, and 450 NOTE -- Any other dimension as agreed to between the manufacturer and the purchaser may also be used. 6.2 Thickness The thickness of high density particleboard shallbe4 mrw 6 nq 40 mm and 50 mm. 6.3 Tolerances The tolerances on the nominal sizes of finished boards shall be as follows: Dimensions Length Width Thickness: i) Less than 6 mm ii) 6 mm and above Edge straightness Squareness +10 percent *5 percent 2mmper1000mmor 0.2 percent 2mmper1000 nunor 0.2 percent' Tolerances +6mrn ­ Omm +3mm ­ Omm 9u 12 q 15 rn.q 20 nnw 25 u 30 mrq 35 mm, ( Page 6, clause 8.2.5 ) -- Substitute `Modulus of Elastici~ and Modulus of Rupture' for the existing title and `modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture' for `modulus of rupture' in the last line. . Amend No. 3 to IS 3478:1966 ( Page 7, Table 1 ) -- Substitute the following for the existing "tible: Table 1 Physical Requirements for High Density Wood Particle Boards ( Clauses 7.2 &d9.2 ) Water Absorption After 24 h Maxsnmm Iimnersion RAstanee to Boaing Water After3h Inummdon ! o Type Grade Density Moisture Ccontent ModuhIs of Rupture ModuhIs of Elasticity Miuimum Tensile Stmngtlr t (1) (2) (3) glcmz (4) psrcent (5) Nhnrn2 Avj Grade A Type 1 Grade B 0.9 .Min 5 to 16 40.0 T Grade A Type 2 Grade B 0.9Min 5to 16 25.0 1 Ted According to IS 2380 (Pall 3): 1977* IS 2380 (Part 3): 1977" IS 2380 (Part 4), 1977* IS 2380 (Part 4): 1977" 21.0 2500 2250 20.0 25 1.2 5to 34.0 4000 3600 30.0 25 1.2 3t07 45.0 Min 38.0 (6) Nhn2 Avj 4500 Min 4050 35.0 (7) 1 (8) I (9) Nhm' pereent 10 Shatl not ahow any sign of &lamindon 10 30.0 25.0 T 3000 2700 22.5 15 Not speeitied Maximum Permissible Variation in Individual Specimens From the Mean Mox +=10 percent Mux*2 percent . *MethcIfi ofic~ for wwd pmicl~hnmds and boards from other Iignocellulosic msterials. ( CED 20 ) Reprography UniL BIS, New Delhi, India / AMENDMENT IS 3478:1966 HIGH DENSITY NO. 4 JUNE TO SPECIFICATION WOOD PARTICLE 2006 FOR BOARDS `#cz113' for [ Page 7, Table 1 (see also Amendment_No. `g/cm" 3) ] -- Sulxtimte under CO13of the table. ( CED 20 ) Reprography UniG BIS, New De~ India